SKU: M012  / 
    CAS Number: 24280-93-1

    Mycophenolic Acid

    RM391.88 - RM1,596.00

    Mycophenolic Acid is an antimetabolite and an active metabolite of Mycophenolate mofetil.  It can inhibit DNA synthesis of T and B lymphocytes via selective inhibition of inosine monophosphate dehydrogenase.  It also acts as an immunosuppressive agent commonly used solid-organ transplantation.  As a selection agent, it is used for transfected animal cells expressing the E. coli gpt gene encoding xanthine-guanine phosphoribosyl transferase.  Mycophenolic Acid is freely soluble in methanol but insoluble in water.

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    • Mycophenolic Acid ReadyMadeTM Solution (M121)
    Mechanism of Action Mycophenolic Acid blocks inosine monophosphate dehydrogenase in the guanosine monophosphate pathway and suppresses cytokine-induced nitric oxide production.
    Impurity Profile Heavy Metals: ≤20ppm
    Total Impurities: ≤2.0%
    Individual Impurity: Not more than 0.5%
    Cell culture applications The effect of Mycophenolic Acid on human umbilical vein endothelial cells was investigated.  The compound showed multifarious effects on endothelial cells including inhibition of ICAM-1 expression,  attachment of neutrophils, secretion of IL-6, and angiogenesis, which may contribute to the efficacy of Mycophenolic Acid in treatment of vasculitis.
    Cancer Applications

    Mycophenolic Acid acts as an inhibitor for inosine monophosphate dehydrogenase (IMPDH), an enzyme responsible for controlling the rate of guanine monophosphate synthesis. IMPDH is required for T-cell and B-cell growth and proliferation to a higher degree than other host cells.

    MPA has been reported to inhibit cancer cell proliferation and induces apoptosis in vitro and in vivo, such as multiple myeloma cells, HL-60 cells, lymphoma, Walker's carcinosarcoma, fliobasoma cells, pancreatic, lung, and colon cancer (Dun et al, 2013) however the signaling pathways underlying its activity are elusive.

    Immunology Applications MPA blocks T and B lymphocyte proliferation and clonal explansion, preventing the generation of cytotoxic T-calls and other effector T-cells.  
    References

    Benjanuwattra J, Chaiyawat P, Pruksakorn D, Koonrungsesomboon N (2020)  Therapeutic potential and molecular mechanisms of Mycophenolic Acid as an anticancer agent. Eur J Pharmacol. PMID 32949604

    de Jonge H, Naesens M, Kuypers DR (2009)  New insights into the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of the calcineurin inhibitors and Mycophenolic Acid: Possible consequences for therapeutic drug monitoring in solid organ transplantation. Ther Drug Monit. 31(4):416-35. PMID

    Dun B et al (2013)  Delineation of biological and molecular mechanisms underlying the diverse anticancer activities of mycophenolic acid. Int. J. Clin. Exp. Pathol. 6(12):2880-2886. PMID 24294374

    Martinez B et al (2018)  Sensitive rapid fluorescence polarization immunoassay for free Mycophenolic Acid determination in human serum and plasma.  Anal. Chem. 90(8):5459-5465

    Yanfei Huang, Zhihong Liu, Haidong Huang, Hao Liu, Leishi Li (2005)  Effects of Mycophenolic Acid on endothelial cells. Int. Immunopharmacol. 5(6):1029-1039