Tetramisole Hydrochloride (syn: DL-Levamisole) is a racemic mixture composed of 50% D- and 50% L-isomers of Levamisole. This compound is less potent than Levamisole Hydrochloride against parasites., and the D-isomer of the mixture contributes its toxicity. The compound can inhibit mammalian alkaline phosphatases. It is used as an anthelminthic agent in veterinary research applications. Additionally, it can be used in cardiac electrophysiology research.
We also offer:
- Levamisole Hydrochloride, USP (L067)
| Mechanism of Action | Tetramisole HCl is a nicotinic acetylcholine receptor agonist causing parasite paralysis due to sustained contraction of the isolated somatic muscles. In cultured cells, it Inhibits enzyme activity by binding to sulfhydryl group of cysteine residues at enzyme active site. Also inhibits sodium carbonate-stimulated ATPase activity. It blocks neuromuscular transmission by non-competitive depolarization. |
| Spectrum | Tetramisole HCl has activity against parasites (worms, roundworms, nematodes). |
| Eukaryotic Cell Culture Applications | Tetramisole has activity against all adult and immature gastrointestinal and pulmonary nematodes. Tetramisole HCL enhances the inward rectifier potassium current in rat ventricular myocytes (ARVMs) in a concentration-dependent way (1-100uM) in whole-cell patch clamp studies. Tetramisole hyperpolarizes the resting potential (RP) and shortens the action potential duration (APD90) in isolated rat cardiomycetes but has no significant effect on other ion channels or transporters (Liu et al, 2022). Tetramisole has been used to inhibit the enzyme alkaline phosphatase (range of 0.4-2 mM). In addition to its enzyme and protein phosphorylation studies, it can be used to study membranes in tissue systems. |
| Molecular Formula | C11H12N2S · HCl |
| References |
Amin AS and Dessouki HA (2002) Facile colorimetric methods for the quantitative determination of tetramisole hydrochloride. Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc. 58(12):2541-6 PMID 12396035 Aruo SK (1974) The use of "nilverm" (tetramisole) in the control of clinical signs of Thelazia rhodesii (eyeworm) infection in cattle. Bull Epizoot Dis Afr. ;22(3):275-277 PMID: 4471448 Liu Q et al (2022) Tetramisole is a new IK1 channel agonist and exerts IK1 -dependent cardioprotective effects in rats. Pharmacol Res Perspect. 10(4):e00992 PMID 35880674 Walley JK (1966) Tetramisole (dl 2,3,5,6-tetrahydro-6-phenyl-imidazo (2,1-b) thiazole hydrochloride--Nilverm) in the treatment of gastro-intestinal worms and lungworms in domestic animals. 1. Sheep and goats. Vet Rec. 78(12):406-414 PMID 5324698 |
