SKU: P044  / 
    CAS Number: 61-33-6

    Penicillin G, EvoPure®

    $115,910.80

    Penicillin G, EvoPure® (syn: benzylpenicillin), is a natural product and β-lactam antibiotic derived from Penicillium spp.  Penicillin was the first antibiotics to be discovered by Dr. Alexander Fleming at St. Mary's Medical School in London in 1928.  In acid aqueous environments, Pencillin decomposes into penicillic acid and peniloic acid.  Penicillin G contains a 6'-phenylacetyl side chain.  The compound can be used to study penicillin-binding protein 2.  

    Penicillin G, EvoPure® is sparingly soluble in aqueous solution. 

    We also offer:

    • Penicillin G Sodium, USP (P006)
    • Penicillin G Sodium, EP (P016)

    For more forms of Penicilin, click here. 

    Mechanism of Action Beta-lactams interfere with PBP (penicillin binding protein) activity involved in the final phase of peptidoglycan synthesis. PBPs are enzymes which catalyze a pentaglycine crosslink between alanine and lysine residues providing additional strength to the cell wall. Without a pentaglycine crosslink, the integrity of the cell wall is severely compromised and ultimately leads to cell lysis and death. Resistance to beta-lactams is commonly due to cells containing plasmid encoded beta-lactamases.
    Spectrum Penicillin is targets primarily Gram-positive bacteria including Staphylococcus and Streptococcus species
    Microbiology Applications Penicillin is commonly used in clinical in vitro microbiological antimicrobial susceptibility tests (panels, discs, and MIC strips) against Gram-positive microbial isolates. Medical microbiologists use AST results to recommend antibiotic treatment options.  Representative MIC values include:
    • Streptococcus pneumoniae 0.004 µg/mL µg/mL
    • Streptococcus agalactiae 0.03 µg/mL 0.06 µg/mL
    • For a complete list of Penicillin MIC values, click here.

    Mycoplasma Media Supplements

    Penicillin can be used as a selective agent in several types of isolation media:

    Mycoplasma Agar - Mycoplasma Supplement G

    Mycoplasma Agar - Mycoplasma Supplement P

    Molecular Formula C16H18N2O4S
    References

    Guzmán F (2012)  Beta lactams antibiotics (penicillins and Cephalosporins) mechanism of Action.   Medical Pharmacology.

    Pitout JD, Sanders CC, Sanders WE Jr (1997)  Antimicrobial resistance with focus on beta-lactam resistance in gram-negative bacilli. Am. J. Med. 103:51

    MIC Bacillus cereus| 100 - ?| 884| Bacillus circulans| ≤0.03 - 1| 818| Bacillus pumilus (ATCC 14884)| 1 - ?| 1183| Bacillus pumilus (MTCC 2296)| 300 - ?| 922| Bacillus spp.| ≤0.06 - >8| 462| Bacillus spp.| <0.015 - 32| 6| Bacillus spp.| ? - ?| 126| Bacillus subtilis| 25 - ?| 208| Bacillus subtilis| 25 - ?| 208| Bacillus subtilis| 32 - ?| 164| Bacillus subtilis| 412 - ?| 1183| Bacillus subtilis| 412 - ?| 1183| Bacillus subtilis (327 + Broth microdilution)| 32 - ?| 892| Bacillus subtilis (ATCC 6633)| 1.562 - ?| 1500| Bacteroides caccae| 16 - >128| 1475| Bacteroides capillosus| ≤0.03 - 1| 818| Bacteroides distasonis| 2 - >128| 248| Bacteroides fragilis| 2 - >128| 248| Bacteroides fragilis| 0.5 - 32| 1279| Bacteroides fragilis| 2 - >128| 1475| Bacteroides fragilis| 4 - 128| 401| Bacteroides fragilis (ATCC 25285)| >8 - ?| 650| Bacteroides fragilis (BF-1363 + clindamycin-resistant)| 8 - ?| 248| Bacteroides fragilis (group)| <=0.25 - >=512| 1453| Bacteroides fragilis (group)| <=0.03 - >128| 1475| Bacteroides fragilis (NCTC 9343)| 16 - ?| 401| Bacteroides merdae| 0.016 - >32| 1544| Bacteroides ovatus| 0.016 - >32| 1544| Bacteroides tectum| <=0.015 - 32| 1460| Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron| 2 - >128| 248| Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron| 16 - >128| 1475| Bacteroides uniformis| 8 - >128| 1475| Bacteroides ureolyticus| <=0.015 - 1| 1460| Bacteroides ureolyticus| ≤0.03 - 1| 818| Bacteroides vulgatus| 2 - >128| 248| Bacteroides vulgatus| <=0.03 - >128| 1475| Bacteroides xylanisolvens| 4 - ?| 1454| Bifidobacterium adolescentis| ≤0.03 - 0.5| 490| Bifidobacterium adolescentis| 0.016 - >32| 1544| Bifidobacterium adolescentis (ATCC 15704)| <0.98 - ?| 74| Bifidobacterium animalis (ATCC 27536)| <0.98 - ?| 741| Bifidobacterium bifidum| ≤0.03 - 0.5| 490| Bifidobacterium bifidum (ATCC 15696)| <0.98 - ?| 741| Bifidobacterium bifidum (Bb12)| <0.98 - ?| 741| Bifidobacterium breve| ≤0.03 - 0.5| 490| Bifidobacterium breve| ≤0.03 - 1| 818| Bifidobacterium breve (ATCC 15700)| <0.98 - ?| 741| Bifidobacterium catenulatum| ≤0.03 - 0.5| 490| Bifidobacterium dentium| ≤0.03 - 0.5| 490| Bifidobacterium Infantis (ATCC 15697)| 0.98 - 1.95| 741| Bifidobacterium longum| ≤0.03 - 0.5| 490| Bifidobacterium longum| ≤0.03 - 1| 818| Bifidobacterium longum (ATCC 15707)| 0.98 - ?| 741| Bifidobacterium longum (ATCC 15708)| 0.98 - ?| 741| Bifidobacterium longum (RBL9)| 0.98 - <1.95| 741| Bifidobacterium pseudolongum (ATCC 25526)| <0.98 - ?| 741| Bifidobacterium sp.| 0.016 - >32| 1544| Bifidobacterium sp. (RBL67)| 1.95 - ?| 741| Bifidobacterium sp. (RBL68)| 0.98 - ?| 741| Bifidobacterium sp. (RBL69)| <0.98 - ?| 741| Bifidobacterium sp. (RBL70)| 3.9 - ?| 741| Bifidobacterium sp. (RBL75)| <0.98 - ?| 741| Bifidobacterium sp. (RBL76)| 0.98 - ?| 741| Bifidobacterium thermophilum (ATCC 25866)| <0.98 - ?| 741| Bordetella bronchiseptica (NCIM 2267)| 80 - ?| 922| Borrelia afzelii (EB1)| 1 - ?| 402| Borrelia afzelii (FEM1)| 1 - ?| 402| Borrelia afzelii (PKo)| 0.5 - ?| 402| Borrelia bissettii (25015)| 0.125 - ?| 402| Borrelia burgdorferi| 0.015 - 2| 402| Borrelia burgdorferi (Sensu stricto + B31)| 0.125 - ?| 402| Borrelia burgdorferi (Sensu stricto + LW2)| 0.25 - ?| 402| Borrelia burgdorferi (Sensu stricto + PKa-I)| 0.125 - ?| 402| Borrelia burgdorferi S.L.| 0.03 - 8| 1129| Borrelia garinii (G1)| 0.015 - ?| 402| Borrelia garinii (PSth)| 0.03 - ?| 402| Borrelia garinii (PTrob)| 0.03 - ?| 402| Borrelia valaisiana (VS116)| 0.25 - ?| 402| Brevibacterium casei| 0.12 - 4| 965| Brevibacterium spp.| 0.03 - >128| 488| Brucella| 0.25 - 8| 1388| Brucella suis (ATCC 27531)| 0.98 - ?| 741| Campylobacter concisus| ≤0.03 - >32| 818| Campylobacter gracilis| ≤0.03 - >32| 818| Campylobacter mucosalis| ≤0.03 - >32| 818| Campylobacter rectus| ≤0.03 - >32| 818| Campylobacter showae| ≤0.03 - >32| 818| Campylobacter sputorum| ≤0.03 - >32| 818| Candida albicans (54 + Broth microdilution)| >128 - ?| 892| Capnocytophaga ochracea| ≤0.03 - 1| 818| Capnocytophaga spp.| 0.004 - 32| 1544| Cellulomonas biazotea| 1 - ?| 827| Cellulomonas cellasea| 0.06 - ?| 827| Cellulomonas fermentans| 0.125 - ?| 827| Cellulomonas fimi| 0.06 - ?| 827| Cellulomonas flavigena| 0.125 - ?| 827| Cellulomonas gelida| 0.125 - ?| 827| Cellulomonas hominis (CDC A-3 + CE39)| 1 - ?| 827| Cellulomonas hominis (CDC A-3 + CE40)| 2 - ?| 827| Cellulomonas uda| 0.125 - ?| 827| Chlamydia pneumonia (CV-3)| >500 - ?| 292| Chlamydia pneumonia (CV-4)| >500 - ?| 292| Chlamydia pneumonia (CV-5)| >500 - ?| 292| Chlamydia pneumonia (CV-6)| >500 - ?| 292| Chlamydia pneumonia (CWL)| >500 - ?| 292| Chlamydia pneumonia (MUL-1)| >500 - ?| 292| Citrobacter freundii| 1024 - ?| 1329| Citrobacter freundii (NCIM 2488)| >1000 - ?| 922| Clostridium aminovalericum| ≤0.03 - >32| 490| Clostridium baratii| ≤0.03 - >32| 490| Clostridium bifermentans| ≤0.03 - 0.25| 490| Clostridium bifermentans| 0.02 - 0.5| 29| Clostridium butyricum| ≤0.03 - >32| 490| Clostridium butyricum| 0.02 - 0.5| 29| Clostridium butyricum| <=0.03 - 32| 1475| Clostridium cadaveris| 0.02 - 0.5| 29| Clostridium cadaveris| 0.06 - 1| 490| Clostridium clostridioforme| <=0.03 - 32| 1475| Clostridium clostridioforme| 0.25 - >32| 490| Clostridium clostridioforme| 0.25 - >32| 29| Clostridium clostridioforme| 0.5 - >32| 1460| Clostridium cochlearium| ≤0.03 - >32| 490| Clostridium cochlearium| 0.05 - 0.5| 29| Clostridium difficile| 0.5 - 4| 1279| Clostridium difficile| 0.265 - ?| 248| Clostridium fallax| 0.02 - 0.5| 29| Clostridium glycolicum| ≤0.03 - >32| 490| Clostridium glycolicum| 0.02 - 0.5| 29| Clostridium innocuum| 0.125 - 0.5| 490| Clostridium innocuum| 0.25 - 1| 29| Clostridium innocuum| 0.25 - >32| 1460| Clostridium leptum| ≤0.03 - >32| 490| Clostridium novyi| ≤0.03 - >32| 490| Clostridium novyi (A)| 0.02 - 0.5| 29| Clostridium oroticum| 0.02 - 0.5| 29| Clostridium paraputrificum| 0.02 - 0.5| 29| Clostridium paraputrificum| 0.06 - 2| 490| Clostridium perfringens| <=0.03 - 0.12| 1475| Clostridium perfringens| ≤0.03 - 0.125| 490| Clostridium perfringens| 0.02 - 0.125| 29| Clostridium perfringens| 0.108 - ?| 248| Clostridium perfringens (ATCC 13124)| 0.063 - ?| 650| Clostridium ramosum| 0.06 - 1| 1460| Clostridium ramosum| 0.02 - 1| 29| Clostridium ramosum| ≤0.03 - 2| 490| Clostridium ramosum| <=0.03 - 32| 1475| Clostridium ramosum| 0.265 - ?| 248| Clostridium septicum| <=0.03 - 32| 1475| Clostridium sordellii| ≤0.03 - 0.25| 490| Clostridium sphenoides| ≤0.03 - >32| 490| Clostridium spiroforme (A7)| 0.25 - ?| 650| Clostridium spiroforme (A8)| 0.25 - ?| 650| Clostridium spiroforme (B61)| 0.25 - ?| 650| Clostridium spiroforme (BA 1)| 0.5 - ?| 650| Clostridium spiroforme (C121)| 0.125 - ?| 650| Clostridium spiroforme (CED 1)| 1 - ?| 650| Clostridium spiroforme (D11)| 1 - ?| 650| Clostridium spiroforme (D13)| 0.25 - ?| 650| Clostridium spiroforme (D14)| 0.5 - ?| 650| Clostridium spiroforme (NCTC 11493)| 0.5 - ?| 650| Clostridium spiroforme (RPO 980)| 1 - ?| 650| Clostridium sporogenes| ≤0.03 - >32| 490| Clostridium sporogenes| <=0.03 - 32| 1475| Clostridium subterminale| ≤0.03 - >32| 490| Clostridium symbiosum| ≤0.03 - >32| 490| Clostridium tertium| 0.06 - 2| 490| Collinsella aerofaciens| ≤0.03 - 0.5| 818| Collinsella aerofaciens| ≤0.03 - 2| 490| Corynebacterium (CDC group G)| ≤0.03 - >=32| 965| Corynebacterium (CDC group G)| 0.02 - 4| 29| Corynebacterium (group F)| ≤0.03 - >32| 490| Corynebacterium accolens| 0.02 - 4| 29| Corynebacterium afermentans| 0.03 - >128| 488| Corynebacterium afermentans| ≤0.03 - >32| 490| Corynebacterium amycolatum| ≤0.03 - >32| 490| Corynebacterium amycolatum| 0.125 - >32| 29| Corynebacterium amycolatum| 0.12 - >128| 488| Corynebacterium amycolatum| ≤0.03 - >=32| 965| Corynebacterium aquaticum| 0.02 - 4| 29| Corynebacterium aquaticum| ≤0.03 - >32| 490| Corynebacterium argentoratense| 0.5 - 1| 965| Corynebacterium auris| 0.12 - 2| 965| Corynebacterium coyleae| 0.125 - 1| 965| Corynebacterium diphtheriae| 0.06 - 1| 965| Corynebacterium falsenii| 0.02 - 4| 29| Corynebacterium glucuronolyticum| 0.03 - 0.12| 965| Corynebacterium jeikeium| 0.5 - >4| 462| Corynebacterium jeikeium| 0.5 - >32| 29| Corynebacterium jeikeium| 1 - >=32| 965| Corynebacterium jeikeium| >32 - >32| 490| Corynebacterium jeikeium| >32 - ?| 6| Corynebacterium jeikeium| 0.12 - >128| 488| Corynebacterium macginleyi| ≤0.03 - 0.12| 965| Corynebacterium minutissimum| 0.02 - 4| 29| Corynebacterium minutissimum| 0.12 - 1| 965| Corynebacterium minutissimum| 0.12 - 32| 488| Corynebacterium minutissimum| ≤0.03 - >32| 490| Corynebacterium mucifaciens| ≤0.03 - 1| 965| Corynebacterium pseudodiphtheriticum| ≤0.015 - 0.5| 488| Corynebacterium pseudodiphtheriticum| ≤0.03 - 0.25| 965| Corynebacterium pseudodiphtheriticum| 0.02 - 4| 29| Corynebacterium pseudodiphtheriticum| ≤0.03 - >32| 490| Corynebacterium spp.| 0.02 - 4| 29| Corynebacterium spp.| ? - ?| 126| Corynebacterium spp.| 0.25 - >32| 123| Corynebacterium striatum| 0.02 - 4| 29| Corynebacterium striatum| 0.25 - 4| 965| Corynebacterium striatum| ≤0.03 - >32| 490| Corynebacterium striatum| 0.25 - 4| 488| Corynebacterium ulcerans| 0.12 - 0.25| 965| Corynebacterium urealyticum| 0.02 - 4| 29| Corynebacterium urealyticum| ≤0.03 - >32| 490| Corynebacterium urealyticum| ≤0.03 - >=32| 965| Corynebacterium urealyticum| 0.12 - >128| 488| Corynebacterium xerosis| ≤0.03 - >32| 490| Coryneform (CDC group I9)| 0.03 - >128| 488| Dermabacter hominis| 0.02 - 4| 29| Dermabacter hominis| 0.12 - 8| 965| Dialister pneumosintes| ≤0.03 - 1| 818| Edwardsiella hoshinae| 0.06 - 0.13| 1409| Edwardsiella ictaluri| 0.06 - 1| 1409| Edwardsiella tarda| 0.5 - 32| 1409| Eikenella corrodens| 0.25 - 2| 818| Enterobacter aerogenes| 1024 - ?| 1329| Enterobacter cloacae| >512 - ?| 773| Enterobacter cloacae (NCIM 2164)| >1000 - ?| 922| Enterococci| 0.5 - 128| 401| Enterococcus avium| 0.5 - >8| 462| Enterococcus avium| 0.12 - >32| 371| Enterococcus casseliflavus (van(C))| 0.25 - >8| 462| Enterococcus durans| 0.5 - >8| 462| Enterococcus faecalis| 0.004 - 32| 1544| Enterococcus faecalis| 0.12 - >=16| 475| Enterococcus faecalis| 1 - >32| 123| Enterococcus faecalis| 0.12 - >32| 371| Enterococcus faecalis| 28 - ?| 884| Enterococcus faecalis| 98 - ?| 1132| Enterococcus faecalis (1172 + linezolid-resistant)| 4 - ?| 192| Enterococcus faecalis (411 + linezolid-resistant)| 4 - ?| 192| Enterococcus faecalis (412 + linezolid-resistant)| 2 - ?| 192| Enterococcus faecalis (413 + linezolid-resistant)| 4 - ?| 192| Enterococcus faecalis (ATCC 29212)| 2 - ?| 401| Enterococcus faecalis (MicroScan automated panel)| ≤8 - >8| 1038| Enterococcus faecalis (vancomycin-resistant)| 1 - >8| 462| Enterococcus faecalis (vancomycin-resistant)| 2 - 32| 483| Enterococcus faecalis (vancomycin-resistant)| ? - ?| 36| Enterococcus faecalis (vancomycin-susceptible)| ? - ?| 36| Enterococcus faecium| 0.12 - >32| 371| Enterococcus faecium| 0.12 - >=16| 475| Enterococcus faecium| 0.25 - >32| 123| Enterococcus faecium| 13 - ?| 1132| Enterococcus faecium (MicroScan automated panel)| ≤8 - >8| 1038| Enterococcus faecium (Quinupristin/Dalfopristin-resistant)| 1 - 32| 483| Enterococcus faecium (vancomycin-resistant + Broth microdilution)| 32 - ?| 892| Enterococcus faecium (vancomycin-resistant)| >8 - >8| 444| Enterococcus faecium (vancomycin-resistant)| >8 - ?| 462| Enterococcus faecium (vancomycin-resistant)| ? - ?| 36| Enterococcus faecium (vancomycin-resistant)| 1 - >32| 483| Enterococcus faecium (vancomycin-susceptible)| 1 - >8| 462| Enterococcus faecium (vancomycin-susceptible)| ? - ?| 36| Enterococcus gallinarum (van(C))| 0.25 - >8| 462| Enterococcus hirae| 0.5 - >8| 462| Enterococcus hirae (CIP 5855)| 6.25 - ?| 1331| Enterococcus sp. (Uraguay)| 0.12 - 8| 1391| Enterococcus spp.| 2 - >32| 123| Enterococcus spp.| ? - ?| 126| Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae| 0.06 - ?| 488| Escherichia coli| 0.004 - 32| 1544| Escherichia coli| 50 - ?| 208| Escherichia coli| 64 - ?| 164| Escherichia coli| >128 - ?| 1002| Escherichia coli| >512 - ?| 773| Escherichia coli| 1024 - ?| 1329| Escherichia coli (14 + ESBL + multidrug-resistant)| 1024 - ?| 342| Escherichia coli (20 + ESBL + multidrug-resistant)| 1024 - ?| 342| Escherichia coli (442 + Broth microdilution)| 32 - ?| 892| Escherichia coli (ATCC 25922 + Broth microdilution)| 128 - ?| 892| Escherichia coli (ATCC 25922)| >8 - ?| 650| Escherichia coli (ATCC 25922)| >64 - ?| 624| Escherichia coli (ATCC 25922)| 128 - ?| 773| Escherichia coli (ATCC 35218)| >64 - ?| 624| Escherichia coli (ATCC 35218)| >512 - ?| 773| Escherichia coli (C921-61)| 32 - ?| 955| Escherichia coli (CIP 54127)| 50 - ?| 1331| Escherichia coli (F'lac K12 LE140)| 8 - ?| 1265| Escherichia coli (ipm 389 + Broth microdilution)| 2 - ?| 892| Escherichia coli (K-10)| 64 - ?| 955| Escherichia coli (K-12)| 64 - ?| 955| Escherichia coli (K88 + E-126)| 100 - ?| 1499| Escherichia coli (K99 + E-125)| 50 - ?| 1499| Escherichia coli (MCR106)| 1 - ?| 794| Escherichia coli (NCIM 2931)| 10 - ?| 922| Escherichia coli (O157 + ATCC 35150)| 50 - ?| 1499| Escherichia coli (O157 + ATCC 43B90)| 50 - ?| 1499| Escherichia coli (OC1555)| 220 - ?| 794| Escherichia coli (PLB3255)| 110 - ?| 794| Escherichia coli (RAM121)| 13.8 - ?| 794| Escherichia coli (RAM122)| 18.3 - ?| 794| Escherichia coli (X580)| 6.25 - ?| 1049| Eubacterium alactolyticum| ≤0.03 - 2| 490| Eubacterium brachy| 0.02 - 2| 29| Eubacterium brachy| ≤0.03 - 2| 490| Eubacterium combesii| 0.02 - 2| 29| Eubacterium combesii| ≤0.03 - 2| 490| Eubacterium contortum| ≤0.03 - 2| 490| Eubacterium lentum| ≤0.03 - 0.5| 818| Eubacterium lentum| ≤0.03 - 2| 490| Eubacterium lentum (ATCC 25559)| 4 - ?| 80| Eubacterium lentum (ATCC 43055)| 0.02 - 2| 29| Eubacterium limosum| 0.02 - 2| 29| Eubacterium limosum| ≤0.03 - 2| 490| Eubacterium saburreum| ≤0.03 - 0.125| 818| Eubacterium saburreum| 0.02 - 2| 29| Eubacterium spp.| ≤0.03 - 0.5| 818| Eubacterium tenue| 0.02 - 2| 29| Eubacterium timidum| ≤0.03 - 0.5| 818| Eubacterium timidum| 0.02 - 2| 29| Eubacterium yurii| ≤0.03 - 0.5| 818| Eubacterium yurii| 0.02 - 2| 29| Finegoldia magna| ≤0.03 - 0.25| 818| Finegoldia magna| 0.02 - 4| 29| Finegoldia magna| 0.023 - 0.38| 1452| Fusobacterium| ≤0.015 - 2| 1396| Fusobacterium gonidiaformans| <=0.015 - 16| 1460| Fusobacterium mortiferum| <=0.015 - >32| 1460| Fusobacterium mortiferum| <=0.03 - >128| 1475| Fusobacterium mortiferum| 0.5 - ?| 248| Fusobacterium naviforme| <=0.015 - 16| 1460| Fusobacterium naviforme| ≤0.03 - 0.25| 818| Fusobacterium necrogenes| <=0.015 - >32| 1460| Fusobacterium necrophorum| <=0.015 - 16| 1460| Fusobacterium necrophorum| ≤0.03 - 0.25| 818| Fusobacterium necrophorum| <=0.03 - >128| 1475| Fusobacterium necrophorum| 0.1 - 2.1| 1444| Fusobacterium necrophorum (ATCC 25386)| 1 - ?| 80| Fusobacterium nucleatum| <=0.015 - 16| 1460| Fusobacterium nucleatum| ≤0.03 - 0.125| 818| Fusobacterium nucleatum| 0.016 - >32| 1544| Fusobacterium nucleatum| <=0.03 - >128| 1475| Fusobacterium nucleatum (ATCC 10953)| 4 - ?| 80| Fusobacterium nucleatum subsp. animalis| <=0.015 - 16| 1460| Fusobacterium russii| <=0.015 - 0.06| 1460| Fusobacterium spp.| 0.016 - >32| 1544| Fusobacterium spp.| <=0.03 - >128| 1475| Fusobacterium ulcerans| <=0.015 - >32| 1460| Fusobacterium varium| 0.03 - >32| 1460| Fusobacterium varium| <=0.03 - >128| 1475| Fusobacterium varium| 0.5 - ?| 248| Gemella morbillorum| ≤0.03 - 2| 490| Gemella morbillorum| 0.004 - 32| 1544| Haemolytic streptococci| 0.004 - 0.06| 401| Haemophilus influenzae| 0.004 - 32| 1544| Haemophilus influenzae (ATCC 49247)| 4 - ?| 401| Haemophilus influenzae (ciprofloxacin-susceptible)| 0.25 - >4| 1467| Haemophilus influenzae (ESBL)| 8 - >8| 114| Haemophilus influenzae (ESBL)| 8 - >8| 84| Haemophilus influenzae (non-ESBL)| 0.06 - 4| 84| Haemophilus influenzae (non-ESBL)| 0.06 - 4| 114| Haemophilus parainfluenzae| 0.004 - 32| 1544| Haemophilus parasuis (Spain)| 0.12 - 16| 768| Haemophilus parasuis (UK)| 0.12 - 2| 768| Helicobacter pylori| 0.015 - 0.12| 662| Helicobacter pylori (ATCC 43579)| 0.03 - 0.06| 250| Helicobacter pylori (pH 5.5)| 0.5 - ?| 658| Helicobacter pylori (pH 6.0)| 0.5 - ?| 658| Helicobacter pylori (pH 7.5)| 0.03 - ?| 658| Hemolytic streptococci (group C)| 0.016 - 0.25| 1544| Jonesia denitrificans| 2 - ?| 827| Klebsiella aerogenes (NCIM 2098)| 500 - ?| 922| Klebsiella baumannii| >512 - ?| 773| Klebsiella pneumonia| >512 - ?| 773| Klebsiella pneumonia| 1024 - ?| 1329| Klebsiella pneumonia (425 + Broth microdilution)| 128 - ?| 892| Klebsiella pneumonia (ATCC 10031)| 412 - ?| 1183| Klebsiella pneumoniae| 0.004 - 32| 1544| Lactobacillus acidophilus| 0.02 - 4| 29| Lactobacillus acidophilus| ≤0.03 - 4| 490| Lactobacillus acidophilus| 0.125 - 4| 878| Lactobacillus acidophilus (P/N 601379 + oxgall-stressed)| 0.98 - ?| 740| Lactobacillus acidophilus (P/N 601379 + pH 2.0)| 0.98 - ?| 740| Lactobacillus acidophilus (P/N 601379)| 0.98 - ?| 740| Lactobacillus acidophilus (R052 + oxgall-stressed)| 0.98 - ?| 740| Lactobacillus acidophilus (R052 + pH 2.0)| 0.98 - ?| 740| Lactobacillus acidophilus (R052 + pH 4.0)| 0.98 - ?| 740| Lactobacillus acidophilus (R052)| 0.98 - ?| 740| Lactobacillus brevis| 0.02 - 4| 29| Lactobacillus brevis| ≤0.03 - 4| 490| Lactobacillus brevis| 0.125 - 32| 878| Lactobacillus bulgaricus (P/N 601383 + oxgall-stressed)| 7.8 - ?| 740| Lactobacillus bulgaricus (P/N 601383 + pH 2.0)| 15.6 - ?| 740| Lactobacillus bulgaricus (P/N 601383 + pH 4.0)| 3.9 - ?| 740| Lactobacillus bulgaricus (P/N 601383)| 3.9 - ?| 740| Lactobacillus casei| 0.02 - 4| 29| Lactobacillus casei| ≤0.03 - 4| 490| Lactobacillus casei| 0.125 - 128| 878| Lactobacillus casei (R0215 + oxgall-stressed)| 0.98 - ?| 740| Lactobacillus casei (R0215 + pH 2.0)| 0.98 - ?| 740| Lactobacillus casei (R0215 + pH 4.0)| 0.98 - ?| 740| Lactobacillus casei (R0215)| 0.98 - ?| 740| Lactobacillus casei (R0256 + oxgall-stressed)| 0.98 - ?| 740| Lactobacillus casei (R0256 + pH 2.0)| 0.98 - ?| 740| Lactobacillus casei (R0256 + pH 4.0)| 0.98 - ?| 740| Lactobacillus casei (R0256)| 0.98 - ?| 740| Lactobacillus catenaforme| ≤0.03 - 1| 818| Lactobacillus catenaforme| 0.02 - 4| 29| Lactobacillus catenaforme| ≤0.03 - 4| 490| Lactobacillus confusus| ≤0.03 - 4| 490| Lactobacillus curvatus| 0.5 - 4| 878| Lactobacillus delbrueckii| ≤0.03 - 1| 818| Lactobacillus delbrueckii| ≤0.03 - 4| 490| Lactobacillus delbrueckii| 0.125 - 16| 878| Lactobacillus fermentans| 0.02 - 4| 29| Lactobacillus fermentum| ≤0.03 - 4| 490| Lactobacillus fermentum| 0.125 - 8| 878| Lactobacillus jensenii| 0.02 - 4| 29| Lactobacillus jensenii| ≤0.03 - 4| 490| Lactobacillus lactis| ≤0.03 - 4| 490| Lactobacillus lactis (R0187 + oxgall-stressed)| 0.98 - ?| 740| Lactobacillus lactis (R0187 + pH 2.0)| 0.98 - ?| 740| Lactobacillus lactis (R0187 + pH 4.0)| 3.9 - ?| 740| Lactobacillus lactis (R0187)| 0.98 - ?| 740| Lactobacillus minutus| 0.02 - 4| 29| Lactobacillus oris| ≤0.03 - 1| 818| Lactobacillus oris| 0.02 - 4| 29| Lactobacillus paracasei (P/N 601385 + oxgall-stressed)| 0.98 - ?| 740| Lactobacillus paracasei (P/N 601385 + pH 4.0)| 0.98 - ?| 740| Lactobacillus paracasei (P/N 601385)| 0.98 - ?| 740| Lactobacillus plantarum| ≤0.03 - 1| 818| Lactobacillus plantarum| 0.02 - 4| 29| Lactobacillus plantarum| ≤0.03 - 4| 490| Lactobacillus plantarum| 0.5 - 64| 878| Lactobacillus plantarum (P/N 601387 + oxgall-stressed)| 0.98 - ?| 740| Lactobacillus plantarum (P/N 601387 + pH 2.0)| 15.6 - ?| 740| Lactobacillus plantarum (P/N 601387 + pH 4.0)| 1.9 - ?| 740| Lactobacillus plantarum (P/N 601387)| 1.9 - ?| 740| Lactobacillus plantarum (R0202 + oxgall-stressed)| 3.9 - ?| 740| Lactobacillus plantarum (R0202 + pH 2.0)| 3.9 - ?| 740| Lactobacillus plantarum (R0202 + pH 4.0)| 3.9 - ?| 740| Lactobacillus plantarum (R0202)| 1.9 - ?| 740| Lactobacillus plantarum (R1078 + oxgall-stressed)| 1.9 - ?| 740| Lactobacillus plantarum (R1078 + pH 2.0)| 3.9 - ?| 740| Lactobacillus plantarum (R1078 + pH 4.0)| 1.9 - ?| 740| Lactobacillus plantarum (R1078)| 1.9 - ?| 740| Lactobacillus plantarum (R1096 + oxgall-stressed)| 7.8 - ?| 740| Lactobacillus plantarum (R1096 + pH 2.0)| 3.9 - ?| 740| Lactobacillus plantarum (R1096 + pH 4.0)| 7.8 - ?| 740| Lactobacillus plantarum (R1096)| 1.9 - ?| 740| Lactobacillus reuteri| 4 - ?| 1424| Lactobacillus rhamnosus| 0.02 - 4| 29| Lactobacillus rhamnosus| ≤0.03 - 4| 490| Lactobacillus rhamnosus| 0.125 - 128| 878| Lactobacillus rhamnosus (R0011 + oxgall-stressed)| 3.9 - ?| 740| Lactobacillus rhamnosus (R0011 + pH 2.0)| 0.98 - ?| 740| Lactobacillus rhamnosus (R0011 + pH 4.0)| 0.98 - ?| 740| Lactobacillus rhamnosus (R0011)| 0.98 - ?| 740| Lactobacillus rhamnosus (R1039 + oxgall-stressed)| 15.6 - ?| 740| Lactobacillus rhamnosus (R1039 + pH 2.0)| 1.9 - ?| 740| Lactobacillus rhamnosus (R1039 + pH 4.0)| 1.9 - ?| 740| Lactobacillus rhamnosus (R1039)| 1.9 - ?| 740| Lactobacillus sakei| 0.5 - 4| 878| Lactobacillus sp.| 0.125 - 128| 878| Lactobacillus spp.| ≤0.03 - 1| 818| Leptotrichia buccalis| ≤0.03 - 0.25| 818| Listeria monocytogenes| <=0.06 - 0.25| 1467| Listeria monocytogenes| 0.33 - ?| 248| Listeria monocytogenes| 30 - ?| 884| Listeria spp.| 0.06 - 0.5| 488| Listeria spp. (National Antimicrobial Resistance Monitoring Syste)| ≤0.5 - 8| 848| Mannheimia haemolytica| 0.03 - 0.5| 1043| Microbacterium spp.| ≤0.03 - 16| 965| Micrococcus (ML6)| >40 - ?| 745| Micrococcus (ML8)| >40 - ?| 745| Micrococcus flavus (NCIM 2376)| 30 - ?| 922| Micrococcus kristinae| 1 - ?| 1183| Micrococcus luteus| 1 - ?| 1183| Micrococcus spp.| ? - ?| 126| Micromonas micros| ≤0.03 - 0.25| 818| Micromonas micros| 0.02 - 4| 29| Moraxella catarrhalis| 0.004 - 32| 1544| Moraxella catarrhalis| ≤0.015 - >8| 114| Moraxella catarrhalis| ≤0.06 - >8| 462| Moraxella catarrhalis| <0.15 - >8| 84| Mycobacterium smegmatis (NCIM 5138)| >1000 - ?| 922| Neisseria cinerea| 0.5 - 8| 1544| Neisseria elongata| 0.5 - 8| 1544| Neisseria gonorrhoeae (GCI-182)| 128 - ?| 1322| Neisseria gonorrhoeae (WHO Ⅲ)| 0.063 - ?| 1322| Neisseria gonorrhoeae (WHO Ⅴ)| 0.5 - ?| 1322| Neisseria gonorrhoeae (WHO Ⅶ)| 0.016 - ?| 1322| Neisseria meningitidis| ≤0.03 - 0.5| 462| Neisseria meningitidis| <=0.06 - 0.25| 1467| Neisseria sicca| 0.5 - 8| 1544| Neisseria spp.| 0.06 - 4| 267| Neisseria spp.| 0.25 - >4| 462| Neisseria spp.| 0.5 - 8| 1544| Neisseria spp.| 0.004 - 32| 401| Nocardia asteroides| 25 - >=400| 1404| Oerskovia spp.| 0.03 - >128| 488| Oerskovia turbata| 4 - ?| 827| Oerskovia xanthineolytica| 2 - ?| 827| Olsenella uli| ≤0.03 - 1| 818| Parvimonas micra| 0.016 - 0.125| 1452| Pasteurella multocida| 0.03 - 0.25| 1043| Pediococcus acidilactici (HA-6111-2)| 1 - ?| 820| Peptococcus spp.| 0.015 - 4| 248| Peptoniphilus gorbachii| 0.016 - 0.19| 1452| Peptoniphilus harei| 0.016 - 0.19| 1452| Peptoniphilus ivorii| 0.016 - 0.047| 1452| Peptoniphilus lacrimalis| 0.016 - 0.125| 1452| Peptoniphilus octavius| 0.125 - ?| 1452| Peptostreptococcus| ≤0.015 - 4| 1396| Peptostreptococcus anaerobius| 0.015 - 4| 248| Peptostreptococcus anaerobius| ≤0.03 - 0.25| 818| Peptostreptococcus anaerobius| ≤0.03 - 2| 490| Peptostreptococcus anaerobius| 0.02 - 4| 29| Peptostreptococcus anaerobius| <=0.03 - 128| 1475| Peptostreptococcus anaerobius| 0.064 - 2| 1452| Peptostreptococcus anaerobius (ATCC 27337)| 4 - ?| 80| Peptostreptococcus asaccharolyticus| <=0.015 - 1| 1460| Peptostreptococcus asaccharolyticus| ≤0.03 - 0.5| 490| Peptostreptococcus asaccharolyticus| 0.02 - 4| 29| Peptostreptococcus magnus| <=0.015 - 1| 1460| Peptostreptococcus magnus| ≤0.03 - 0.25| 490| Peptostreptococcus magnus| <=0.03 - 128| 1475| Peptostreptococcus micros| <=0.015 - 0.03| 1460| Peptostreptococcus micros| ≤0.03 - 0.25| 490| Peptostreptococcus micros| <=0.03 - 128| 1475| Peptostreptococcus prevotii| 0.03 - 0.06| 1460| Peptostreptococcus prevotii| ≤0.03 - 2| 490| Peptostreptococcus prevotii| 0.02 - 4| 29| Peptostreptococcus sp.| ≤0.25 - 0.5| 1279| Peptostreptococcus spp.| <=0.03 - 128| 1475| Pneumococci| 0.015 - 4| 401| Pneumococci (penicillin-intermediate)| 0.125 - 1| 46| Pneumococci (penicillin-susceptible)| <0.008 - 0.06| 46| Pneumococci (S10B8 + β-lactam–macrolide–fluoroquinolone-resistant)| 2 - ?| 469| Pneumococci (S7C5 + β-lactam–macrolide–fluoroquinolone-resistant)| 3 - ?| 469| Pneumococci (S7D7 + β-lactam–macrolide–fluoroquinolone-resistant)| 2 - ?| 469| Pneumococci (S7E1 + β-lactam–macrolide–fluoroquinolone-resistant)| 1.5 - ?| 469| Porphyromonas| ≤0.015 - 0.5| 1396| Porphyromonas asaccharolytica| <=0.015 - ?| 1460| Porphyromonas cangingivalis| <=0.015 - 4| 1460| Porphyromonas canoris| <=0.015 - 0.03| 1460| Porphyromonas cansulci| <=0.015 - 4| 1460| Porphyromonas circumdentaria| <=0.015 - 4| 1460| Porphyromonas endodontalis| ≤0.03 - 1| 818| Porphyromonas endodontalis| 0.016 - >32| 1544| Porphyromonas gingivalis| <=0.015 - 0.06| 1460| Porphyromonas gingivalis| ≤0.03 - 1| 818| Porphyromonas gingivalis (ATCC 33277)| 0.03 - ?| 80| Porphyromonas levii| <=0.015 - 4| 1460| Porphyromonas macacae| <=0.015 - 1| 1460| Prevotella bivia| 0.25 - 32| 1460| Prevotella buccae| 0.016 - >32| 1544| Prevotella buccae| ≤0.03 - >32| 818| Prevotella buccae| <=0.03 - 128| 1475| Prevotella buccae| 0.06 - >32| 1460| Prevotella buccalis| ≤0.03 - >32| 818| Prevotella corporis| ≤0.03 - 8| 818| Prevotella corporis| ≤0.03 - 16| 818| Prevotella dentalis| ≤0.03 - >32| 818| Prevotella denticola| 0.016 - >32| 1544| Prevotella denticola| ≤0.03 - 8| 818| Prevotella denticola| ≤0.03 - 16| 818| Prevotella denticola| <=0.015 - 32| 1460| Prevotella disiens| ≤0.03 - >32| 818| Prevotella heparinolytica| 0.06 - 0.25| 1460| Prevotella intermedia| 0.008 - >32| 1544| Prevotella intermedia| <=0.015 - 18| 1460| Prevotella intermedia| ≤0.03 - >32| 818| Prevotella intermedia| <=0.03 - 128| 1475| Prevotella intermedia (ATCC 25611)| 0.06 - ?| 80| Prevotella loescheii| 0.016 - >32| 1544| Prevotella loescheii| ≤0.03 - 8| 818| Prevotella loescheii| ≤0.03 - 16| 818| Prevotella loescheii| <=0.015 - 32| 1460| Prevotella melaninogenica| 0.016 - >32| 1544| Prevotella melaninogenica| ≤0.03 - 8| 818| Prevotella melaninogenica| ≤0.03 - 16| 818| Prevotella melaninogenica| <=0.015 - 32| 1460| Prevotella melaninogen