SKU: D004  / 
    CAS Number: 364622-82-2

    Doripenem Hydrate

    ₹9,195.75 - ₹37,886.49

    Doripenem Hydrate is a β-lactam antibiotic of the carbapenem class, specifically a 1-β-methyl carbapenem.  It is effective against extended spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) producing Enterobacteriaceae, a microbe resistant to many first line β-lactam antibiotics and certain cephalosporins.  Doripenem Hydrate  is a precursor for Doripenem commonly used as an analytical reference standard.  The compound can be used in forensics and toxicology applications.  Techiques to determine if Doripenem is present include include high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), high performance thin layer chromatography (HPTLC) for bulk formulations,  liquid chromatography combined with tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) for muscle samples, capiillary electrophoresis coupled to ultraviolet detection and micellar electrokinetic chromatography (MEKC) with UV detection for pharmaceutical samples.

    Doripenem Hydrate is sparingly soluble in aqueous solution.

    Mechanism of Action

    β-lactams interfere with PBP (penicillin binding protein) activity involved in the final phase of peptidoglycan synthesis. PBP’s are enzymes which catalyze a pentaglycine crosslink between alanine and lysine residues providing additional strength to the cell wall. Without a pentaglycine crosslink, the integrity of the cell wall is severely compromised and ultimately leads to cell lysis and death. Resistance to β-lactams is commonly due to cells containing plasmid encoded β-lactamases; however, carbapenems, including Doripenem, are highly resistant to β-lactamases.

    Doripenem shows a marked affinity for PBP2 and PBP4 in E. coli MC4100, for PBP2 and 3 in P. aeruginosa PA01 and 27853, and for pBP1 in S. aureus.  Dorepenem is resistant to most beta-lactamases produced by Gram-negative and Gram-positive microorganisms, including penicillinases and cephalosporinases (Alvarez-Lerma, 2009).

    Various resistance mechanisms have been identified, including loss of porin OprD, the expression of efflux systems, the production of carbapenemases, and the alteration of certain PBPs (Zhanel et al, 2007).

    Spectrum Doripenem Hydrate is a broad spectrum antibiotic targeting a wide range of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria including Pseudomonas aeruginosa.  Structurally and activity-wise, it is similar to meropenem and it matches meropenem's activity against Gram-negtive bacteria.  It matches imipenem or ertapenem activity against Gram-positive bacteria.
    Microbiology Applications Doripenem is commonly used in clinical in vitro microbiological antimicrobial susceptibility tests (panels, discs, and MIC strips) against Gram-positive and Gram-negative microbial isolates.  Medical microbiologists use AST results to recommend antibiotic treatment options.  Representative MIC values include:
    • Bacteroides fragilis 0.125 µg/mL – 8 µg/mL
    • Pseudomonas aeruginosa 8 µg/mL - 32 µg/mL
    • For a representative list of Doripenem MIC values, click here.

     

    Molecular Formula C15H24N4O6S2•H2O
    References

    Alvarez-Lerma F, Grau S and Gerrandez O (2009)  Characteristics of Doripenem: A new broad-spectrum antibiotic.  Drug. Des. Devel. Ther. 3:173-190  PMID 19920933

    Kurien J, Jayasekhar P and John J (2014)  A validated HPTLC method for the determination of Doripenem in pharmaceutical dosage forms.  Int. J. Pharm. Sci. Rev. Res. 27(1):317-321

    Pitout JD, Sanders CC, Sanders WE (1997)  Antimicrobial resistance with focus on beta-lactam resistance in Gram-negative bacilli. Am. J. Med 103:51

    Michalska K, Cielecka-Piontek J, Pajchel G, Tyski S (2013)  Determination of biapenem in a medicinal product by micellar electrokinetic chromatography with sweeping in an enhanced electric field. J Chromatogr A. 1282:153-160  PMID 23419350

    Zhanel G et al (2007)  Comparative review of the carbapenems.  Drugs 67(7):1027-1052  PMID 17488146

    MIC Bacteroides distasonis| 0.25 - 1|| Bacteroides fragilis| 0.125 - 16|| Bacteroides ovatus| 0.25 - 4|| Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron| 0.12 - 2|| Bacteroides vulgatus| 0.125 - 1|| Bilophila wadsworthia| 0.03 - 0.12|| Burkholderia cepacia| 0.5 - 256|| Clostridium bifermentans| 0.06 - 0.125|| Clostridium cadaveris| 0.03|| Clostridium clostridioforme| 1|| Clostridium difficile| 0.5 - 4|| Clostridium innocuum| 1|| Clostridium paraputrificum| 0.25|| Clostridium perfringens| ≤0.016 - 0.06|| Clostridium ramosum| 0.5 - 1|| Clostridium sordellii| 0.03|| Clostridium spp.| 0.03 - 4|| Finegoldia magna| 0.06 - 0.125|| Fusobacterium mortiferum| 0.125 - 1|| Fusobacterium necrophorum| ≤0.016 - 0.25|| Fusobacterium nucleatum| ≤0.016 - 0.03|| Fusobacterium spp.| 0.03 - 1|| Fusobacterium varium| 0.06 - 1|| Gram-Positive Anaerobic Cocci| 0.03 - 0.25|| Micromonas micros| ≤0.016 - 0.125|| Nonsporing gram-positive rods| 0.03 - 8|| Peptoniphilus asaccharolyticus| ≤0.016 - 0.125|| Peptostreptococcus anaerobius| 0.125 - 2|| Porphyromonas asaccharolytica| ≤0.016 - 0.03|| Porphyromonas gingivalis| ≤0.016|| Porphyromonas levii | 0.03|| Porphyromonas spp.| 0.03 - 4|| Prevotella bivia| 0.03 - 4|| Prevotella buccae| 0.06 - 0.125|| Prevotella corporis | 0.03 - 0.06|| Prevotella denticola| ≤0.016 - 0.25|| Prevotella disiens| 0.03 - 4|| Prevotella intermedia| ≤0.016 - 0.125|| Prevotella melaninogenica| ≤0.016 - 0.25|| Prevotella nigrescens| 0.03 - 0.062|| Prevotella oris| 0.03 - 0.5|| Prevotella spp.| 0.03 - 0.25|| Pseudomonas aeruginosa| 0.06 - 512|| Sutterella wadsworthensis| 0.06 - 32||