Bioactive small molecules are organic compounds that have a low molecular weight (900 daltons). Most pharmaceutical drugs are small molecules. Larger structures such as nucleic acids, proteins, and many polysaccharides are not small molecules.
Simvastatin acid is the active β-hydroxy acid metabolite of simvastatin formed in vivo. Simvastatin acid is a potent inhibitor of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutarylcoenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase, an essential enzyme involved in the in vivo synthesis of...
Beauveriolides are 13-membered cyclodepsipeptides isolated from Beauveria sp. Beauveriolide III inhibits acyl-CoA:cholesterol acyltransferase (ACAT) to block the synthesis of cholesteryl ester, leading to a reduction of lipid droplets in macrophages...
Beauveriolides are 13-membered cyclodepsipeptides isolated from Beauveria sp.. Beauveriolides I and III inhibit macrophage acyl-CoA:cholesterol acyltransferase (ACAT) activity to block the synthesis of cholesteryl ester, leading to a reduction of lipid...
Anagyrine is a teratogenic quinolizidine alkaloid found in Lupinus sp. which undergoes metabolism to a piperidine that causes crooked calf syndrome. Anagyrine, but not lupanine or sparteine, directly desensitize nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChR)...
Aminopterin is a 4-amino derivative of folic acid and a folic acid antagonist. It is a synthetic derivative of pterin. It has both mmunosuppressive properties and anti-cancer properties and can be used for apoptosis research. The compound was discovered...
Alternariol is a mycotoxin produced by Alternaria and is often found as a contaminant in fruit and small grain cereal products. Structurally, it is characterized as a dibenzopyranone. It can be used as an analytical standard. The...
Acetomycin, a γ-butyrolactone isolated from Streptomyces ramulosus, was first reported in 1958 by Ettlinger et al. at ETH Zurich. Acetomycin is potently active in vitro against HCT-8 human colon adenocarcinoma cells and L1210 murine leukemia cells...
Acadesine was originally identified as a metabolite of Bacillus species and was shown to accumulate in the culture medium of E. coli under sulphonamide stasis. Acadesine is an adenosine-regulating agent that increases bioavailability of adenosine. Ithas...
6-Diazo-5-oxo-L-norleucine (syn: DON) is a natural antibiotic and glutamine antagonist originally isolated from Streptomyces sp from a Peruvian soil sample in 1954. The compound has anti-cancer properties, disrupting the mitochondrial internal...
17-Dimethylaminoethylamino-17-demethoxygeldanamycin (DMAG, alvespimycin) is a semi-synthetic derivative of the benzoquinone ansamycin antibiotic isolated from Streptomyces hygroscopicus in which the methoxy group attached to...
Sulfasalazine is a synthetic salicylic acid derivative and sulfonamide which can act as an antirhematic and gastrointestinal agent. It is formulated as a prodrug, and is metabolized into active metabolites sulfapyridine and mesalazine (5-aminosalicylic...
Baloxavir Marboxil is a synthetic antiviral compound. It has activity against viruses causing influenza A and influenza B. It originated by Shionogi (Japan). It is a small molecule inhibitor of cap-dependent endonuclease found in of influenza A and B...